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Abbot René-Just  Haüy

 
Saint-Just-en-Chaussée (Oise) 28.February.1743- Parigi 03.June.1822

    
  
Biographical Notes   
       
            

It was born in a modest family.  It studied classic literature that taught from 1760 to 1784. Gotten passionate of natural sciences like the botany and    the physical, discovered mineralogy to 35 years, like auditor of some lessons near a museum. It lived in the turbulent period of the revolution, the Empire and the Restoration. 15 February 1783 is name from the Academic King. - In 1784 it completes twenty years of seniority like teacher, sufficient time in order to receive a modest one      university professor pension allows who it to dedicate itself exclusively to the new scientific branch that with its job will be born, mineralogy.  The director of the Academy of Lavoisier Sciences, obtains from the King a reform of this institute and founds a new Natural History chair and of Mineralogy In the week after 10 August 1792 Hauy and all the other ecclesiastics of the University are   arrested and lead near the Seminary of Saint Firmino, transformed in prison. Will be freed 15 August. A second time and freed thanks will be arrested to the participation of the director of the Lavoisier Academy. Eight August 1793, the Convention Nationale soppreme all the Real Academies.  Hauy is name Secretary of the Commission of the Weights and Measures that will have to set up Metric System for France, then adopted from all the western world with the exception of English.   In 1801 it publishes its Treaty of Mineralogy, treaty that contained all its acquaintances on crystals and minerals.     The 5 you open them 1802 Napoleon Honorary Canonical Hauy nomination of Notre Dame.      28 November 1803 receives the acknowledgment of the Legion of Honor.  It teaches in Ecole DES Mines in 1794, the school “the Normal Ecole Supérieure” in 1795, to   Natural history museum of Paris in 1801, to the Sorbona in 1809.     It has formed all the French and foreign mineralogists of the nineteenth century. It founded three great collections of minerals; that of the school of the Miners,   of the Natural History Museum,    and of the University of Paris that still today is the more important of the world.  Rene' Just Haüy    that in long years of taken care of studies on the form of crystals and the relations of positioning of their faces, it reached to a general accommodation of       all interpreting them and   explaining them not only according to a detail regularity'    in    inner disposition of constituent particles but,     above all,     giving a corrected description   mathematics   and geometric with formulas that are used still today. It is the scientifically aware birth of the “crystallography rations them” with   enunciation of that which today in the witnesses it comes often (but improperly) called like “law of rationality” of the indict', that Haüy express' in still fundamental ally valid way. To   Haüy   the first theory must in fact on the inner structure of the mineral understandings like crystalline bodies turning out from the juxtaposition of poliedri elementary    (the so-called “integrating molecules”)   having the form of the solid one of flaking,     the romboedro in the event of the calcite that was the mineral    “pilot” for all its theory. He studied the structure of crystals, the magnetic properties of minerals as an example, the magnetite,      the chemical composition and the physical properties of minerals and the properties electrical workers of the same ones.

   


DOCUMENTS: Haüy

 

Memorie sur le proprietè electriques des  plusieurs  mineraux    1788